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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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taiwan.4
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1991-04-11
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Economy
Overview: Taiwan has a dynamic capitalist economy with considerable
government guidance of investment and foreign trade and partial
government ownership of some large banks and industrial firms. Real
growth in GNP has averaged about 9% a year during the past three
decades. Export growth has been even faster and has provided the
impetus for industrialization. Agriculture contributes about 6% to
GNP, down from 35% in 1952. Taiwan currently ranks as number 13
among major trading countries. Traditional labor-intensive industries
are steadily being replaced with more capital- and technology-
intensive industries.
GNP: $121.4 billion, per capita $6,000; real growth rate 7.2%
(1989).
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5.0% (1989).
Unemployment rate: 1.7% (1989).
Budget: revenues $25.9 billion; expenditures $33.2 billion,
including capital expenditures of $NA (FY89).
Exports: $66.2 billion (f.o.b., 1989); commodities--textiles 9.7%,
electrical machinery 19.0%, general machinery and equipment 14%,
telecommunications equipment 9%, basic metals and metal
products 7.4%, foodstuffs 0.9%, plywood and wood products 1.3%;
partners--US 36.2%, Japan 13.7%.
Imports: $52.2 billion (c.i.f., 1989); commodities--machinery
and equipment 15.9%, crude oil 5%, chemical and chemical
products 11.1%, basic metals 7.4%, foodstuffs 2.0%; partners--
Japan 31%, US 23%, Saudi Arabia 8.6%.
External debt: $1.0 billion (December 1989 est.).
Industrial production: growth rate 4.1% (1988).
Electricity: 17,000,000 kW capacity; 68,000 million kWh
produced, 3,360 kWh per capita (1989).
Industries: textiles, clothing, chemicals, electronics,
food processing, plywood, sugar milling, cement, shipbuilding,
petroleum.
Agriculture: accounts for 6% of GNP and 20% of labor force
(includes part-time farmers); heavily subsidized sector;
major crops--rice, sugarcane, sweet potatoes, fruits, vegetables;
livestock--hogs, poultry, beef, milk, cattle; not self-sufficient
in wheat, soybeans, corn; fish catch expanding, 1.1 million
metric tons in (1987).
Aid: US, including Ex-Im (FY46-82), $4.6 billion; Western
(non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-87),
$439 million.
Currency: new Taiwan dollar (plural--dollars); 1 new Taiwan
dollar (NT$) = 100 cents.
Exchange rates: new Taiwan dollars per US$1--26.3 (March
1990), 26.156 (December 1989), 28.589 (1988), 31.845 (1987),
37.838 (1986), 39.849 (1985).
Fiscal year: 1 July-30 June.